How to structure a winning executive summary for your bid

How to structure a winning executive summary for your bid How to write a winning executive summary for your bid The executive summary of your bid, tender or proposal is the most important part of the entire document. And how you structure your executive summary is key to how well it works. However well-written the rest of your bid or sales proposal is, many people will only have the time (or motivation) to read the executive summary. More than this, these readers will often be key decision-makers. This could be a problem, as often this crucial section ends up being something of an afterthought: a few paragraphs or pages that get dashed off when the author is already exhausted from writing the real proposal. And doing that could be a costly mistake. So how do you summarise a carefully argued document – which can sometimes run to dozens of pages – into a one or two page executive summary? The secret is to keep one idea in mind: Your executive summary is a journey. Your executive summary is like a miniature version of your entire bid or proposal. Like your bid or proposal, its a way of guiding your client from where they are now to where they need to be – and making it clear why they need your help in getting there. This article will walk you through each stage of this journey, so that by the end youll know how to write executive summaries that give your bid the best possible chance of winning. Situation First things first: you need to start your summary somewhere safe and non-controversial. Begin with where your prospect is now, giving a summary of their present situation. Dont be contentious – its important to begin from a place of consensus between you and your prospect. Why things must change After outlining your clients position, you need to make it clear you understand why things need to change. Ask yourself: Why did your client put this out to bid or tender in the first place? An organisation issues an ITT or RFP because they have a particular set of problems to address or important needs to be met. Now is your chance to convincingly show you really understand them and can sum them up clearly. Research is key to really nailing this part of the summary. Dont skip it. Theres no way to effectively understand how your client sees their problems without going out and learning more about them. Learn everything you can about the prospects problems as they understand them. You want to be writing about the problem in their terms, using their language, so you can show you understand the problem exactly as they do. If you or one of your colleagues knows the client (such as someone else in sales or account management), talk to them to learn more. If you have any emails where the client has talked about their problems and challenges, read them. And if you have an opportunity to talk to the client yourself, take it. What your proposed solution is Next comes your proposal. This will outline how your solution can solve the problems your prospect faces. The most important ideas to include here are win themes – the areas that youve identified as being the most important things to communicate to your client. Should you emphasise that you are the most experienced provider? The cheapest? The most secure? Do you offer an approach to the solution that will particularly resonate with your client? Use what you think they regard as most important to guide you on this: dont assume or just stress what youre proud of. When youre highlighting win themes, make sure to back them up with something concrete. To take our example proposal (below), we dont just say we take a systematic approach. Instead, we talk about how we take a systematic approach, giving specific information about our writing analysis. Reassurance Its only after youve shown a clear understanding of your prospects situation that you should offer some information about your company. You want to make it clear that youre a capable organisation who can handle the problem (and that your client isnt going to regret choosing you!). Talking about your own company earlier than this point sends the message that youd sooner talk about yourself than explain your solution to your prospect. Indeed, its a very common mistake to talk too much about your own company and not much about your client. To avoid it, try this rule of thumb: if youve mentioned your own company more than youve mentioned your client, you need to go back and check if youre really making your bid or proposal about your clients needs (and not about how great your organisation is). What it looks like in practice: example executive summary You can download an example of an executive summary and see this structure in practice here. And if youd like to see it in action on your own bids or proposals, check out our Bid, tender and sales-proposal writing course for individuals and for teams. Style But how can you condense dozens of pages into one or two? First, youll need to ensure your written style is clear and concise. Have a look at our articles on keeping it short and simple and using the active voice for more. You can also cut down on space by using bullet points, or if you have a particularly compelling graphic, you can use that too. Getting it right The executive summary is the part of your bid or proposal that most readers will read – and it could be the only part that key decision-makers look at. It can take time to distil everything down into a few pages. But get it right and youll take your reader on a simple, persuasive journey through your arguments – a journey which has the best possible chance of ending in your bid getting the thumbs up. Image credit: Michal Bednarek / Shutterstock hbspt.cta.load(2645537, '11b393b8-dbd1-433f-bb2a-6f80c47a0f2c', {});

How to Become an Audiologist -TheJobNetwork

How to Become an Audiologist -TheJobNetwork If you know someone who has struggled with hearing loss, then you probably also know how essential audiologists are to the healthcare community. Audiologists work with doctors and patients to identify, diagnose, and treat hearing, balance, and related disorders. They also work to help patients communicate with the world. The Day-to-DayClinical audiologists are experts in the science of hearing-related disorders. Their work includes:Evaluating hearing and balance problemsContinuing ttreatment of people with hearing and balance disordersPreventing hearing lossTesting patients’ hearingCounseling patientsFitting hearing aids and other assistive hearing devicesTreating balance disordersEducating patients on communication strategies (like sign language, speech reading, etc.)Audiologists typically work in clinical settings like hospitals, private medical offices, schools, and government agencies. They can choose to specialize by patients’ age (like pediatric or geriatric), by disorder (like tinnitus, auditory processing, or balance problems), or by treatment (like cochlear implants, hearing aids, etc.). They often work with other healthcare professionals, such as doctors, speech-language pathologists, educators, and other allied health professionals to help develop treatment plans for patients.Audiologists work a pretty typical 40-50 hour week, although some work part-time.For more on what it’s like to be an audiologist, check out these videos:Julie Martinez Verhoff: School AudiologistBecome an Audiologist or SLP Reward Yourself with a Career that Helps OthersThe RequirementsBecoming an audiologist requires a pretty strong commitment: most audiologists have a doctoral degree (AuD) from a program accredited by the American Speech-Language Hearing Association. They also need to pass the Praxis Examination in Audiology. Additionally, almost all states require a license, so be sure to check on your own state’s requirements.The SkillsThe audiol ogy field calls for a number of special skills and knowledge bases, including:Attention to detailMath and science (particularly biology and communication sciences)Critical thinkingPatient evaluationAnatomy and physiologyDisease managementCommunication skillsThe PayThe median salary for licensed audiologists is $73,060 per year, or $35.13 per hour, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Because this is a field that requires so much advanced education and training, members rate it highly: a PayScale.com survey of audiologists showed that they were â€Å"extremely satisfied† with their career choice.The OutlookLike most allied health professions, audiology is expected to keep on growing for the foreseeable future. The BLS expects an incredible 29% growth by 2024.

Entrepreneur interview and PersonalAnalysis Essay

Entrepreneur interview and PersonalAnalysis - Essay Example These questions also reflect on the different factors that led the person to for a business venture. It would also reflect that whether the person in question has taken any creative or innovative pursuits in helping to gain business productivity. Further the questions also endeavour to understand the vision with which the person had sought to open up the business venture and the process through which he has achieved success in motivating his staff to adapt to the changing needs. The questions would thus help one to understand that whether the entrepreneur performs his actions with an outside eye and the manner in which changes are incorporated in the enterprise context. The questions also tend to evaluate whether the entrepreneur in question conducts activities in regards to the protection of the social and natural environment in and around the business firm. Further through the use of the questions an understanding can be made of the several entrepreneurial traits in regards to the individual in questions. It seeks to understand whether the person is quite self confident in managing changes in the external business environment and also share the same confidence while decentralising the whole gamut of business tasks among separate units. The pattern of questions designed would also reflect on the several influences social, economical and technological which made the entrepreneurs form such an enterprise in carrying out new sets of business activities. In total the questions prepared would help the interviewer in getting a personal insight in the understanding of how Mr. Thomas Mathews aged somewhere in thirties has been able to design a productive entrepreneurial venture though somewhat small in nature. The interview questions are prepared keeping in mind theoretical guidelines which would help in effectively evaluating the entrepreneurial capacity of the interviewee. Open ended questions are rendered so as to get an elucidated understanding of the entrepreneur ial mind of Mr. Thomas Mathews. The specific attributes of Mr. Thomas Mathews which had helped him in becoming a successful businessman is thereby successfully explored through the questions outlined. Evaluation of the Entrepreneur The evaluation of Mr. Thomas Mathews would be conducted from point to point based along the separate questions which can be rendered as follows. A.1 The entrepreneur in order to bring about enhanced productivity in his venture is required to incorporate large amount of changes both in the business process. This change in the business process is made to help the concern address the needs of the external environment. Such change in the business process is made through modification of the business resources both technical and human resources (Ricketts, 2003, p.72). Mr. Thomas Mathews is also found to incorporate changes in its business process through dividing a single project in the hands of double or multiple individuals and assigning a person as responsib le for the monitoring of such. This process would help the company in getting a large number of projects within the same time period. A.2 The entrepreneurs are required to motivate their staffs in a large manner to rightly adapt to the changes incorporated in the process and philosophy of the business organisation. The staffs of the firm need to be adequately trained which in turn would enhance their competence and skills to enhance the business

Healthcare situation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Healthcare situation - Essay Example Even though some Canadian citizens assert that they have never been forced to wait for medical services, protests concerning this resulted in all provincial governments publishing information concerning wait times for particular medical procedures in their area. The scarcity of physicians as well as other health care specialists is another big problem for Canadians. Many doctors from developing nations as well as the United States have been hired in the Canadian health sector to deal with this problem. The Canadian healthcare system provides enough evidence that socialized healthcare is not always the answer for providing every citizen with care options. While socialized healthcare plans provide a nation’s citizens with both private and public options, it is normally true that private options provide their patients with better care options than do public health schemes. The writer provides the examples of several Canadian citizens that have in the past been victims of Canada’s healthcare system even though they previously believed that they were in the nation with the best healthcare system. Suzanne Aucoin,and Dr. Jacques Chaoulli are Canadian citizens that offer different views on the problems of Canada’s healthcare system. Suzanne was a patient in need of immediate treatment. She was to discover, shockingly, that she was not able to access the drug recommended for her due to the fact that the public health insurance policy in Canada did not cover it. In order to get the medicine that would save her, she was forced to spend more in suing the Ontario government so that it would be compelled to cover her even if she ended up obtaining the drug from the United States. Dr. Jacques Chaoulli, on the other hand, is a doctor that ended up suing the Canadian government in court. He finally appealed his case in the Canadian Supreme Court. It is apparent that to control rising costs, health-care

The Value of Philosophy Essay Example for Free

The Value of Philosophy Essay Thesis Statement: According to Russell, the value of philosophy is that it frees our mind to think of other possibilities; unlike science which may provide us definite answers, but does not deal with other aspects of human soul.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Russell described â€Å"practical† men as individuals who only recognize material needs for the body, but not goods for the mind where the value of philosophy can be found. Russell is pertaining to the knowledge that can be achieved through the study of philosophy. This knowledge is different from what science can study or tell. Science can provide definite answers, but philosophy may not. Although, philosophy can deal with questions with no definite answers (Russell).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Philosophy has uncertainty in answering questions, but it allows for more consideration of the question, its importance, and extends the limitations of what are already answered by science; and because of this uncertainty, we find the value of philosophy (Russell). Given all the definite answers we have and needed, we tend not to raise questions, doubts, or think of other possibilities; but with philosophy or through philosophizing, we are able to think of other possible consequences or problems that may arise. Our thoughts are freed and liberated. It increases are knowledge through the reduction of dogmatism because dogmatism reduces ability to reason and expand in learning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Life with philosophy is free unlike a life that is bounded by the world because we are limited and controlled. We just accept what is given and live a life that we think is acceptable, a life that is dictated. The value of philosophy is that it helps us in finding the true meaning of life and not just living life as it is. With science, we are bound by its limitations, limitations to answer all our questions thus proving that science has weakness too or that it may not provide complete answers. On the other hand, philosophy allows human mind for more speculation of how things are and on how things will be. REFERENCE: Russell, B. Chapter XV: The Value of Philosophy.  Ã‚   Retrieved 17 September, 2007, from http://skepdic.com/russell.html

Corporate Culture Essay -- Essays Papers

Corporate Culture Introduction How one chooses to dress, the physical distance one keeps from others, speech patterns, where one looks while talking, and similar factors are taken into consideration when identifying what composes a certain culture. In order to distinguish right from wrong, culture provides the individual with boundaries of acceptable behavior. According to one definition, "culture is the set of learned behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals that are characteristic of a particular society or population" (Ember & Ember, 402). These accepted behaviors are learned in all cultures (Ember & Ember 20). Specific cultures dictate behaviors for certain environments ranging from massive countries to small organizations. Each culture provides the individual with the comfort of knowing what is expected from him or her, which in turn allows the society or group to function. Certain theories developed through anthropological research about culture may be applied to developing a culture within an organization. Comprehending what differentiates groups of human beings is useful because such clarity helps to avoid misunderstandings between people. Exposure to anthropological theory [co-cultures, constraints (established through norms), action chains and culture shock/adaptation] can help alleviate some of the misunderstandings that arise from unconscious between people of different cultural groups (Ember & Ember, 11). By recognizing the role that culture has upon the individual as well as the group, the members of a group could apply these principles to create a stable community. In cultural anthropology, there are theories and terms that explain why people act the way that they do and what actions elicit ... ...tive difference?" Business and Society Review v104.i4 (1999): p104. Williams, Kelly. "How do you keep good employees? With perks." OfficeSolutions v17.9 (2000): p26. Yetzer, Elaine. "Piecing it together: Recruiting, retaining employees doesn't end when a job opening is filled." Hotel & Motel Management v216.1 (2001): p44. Young, Cheri A., and Craig C. Lundberg. "Creating a good first day on the job: allaying newcomers' anxiety with positive messages." Cornell Hotel & Restaurant Administration Quarterly v37.6 (1996): p26. Zemke, Ron. "Employee orientation: a process, not a problem." Training: the Magazine of Human Resources Development. Aug. 1989: 33. Zion, Lee. "Small business big on retention." San Diego Business Journal 14 Aug. 2000: 33. Zyska, Patricia. "Loyalty, not perks, helps to retain employees." Computing Canada v26.18 (2000): p28.

The Wound Dresser – John Adams

The second piece I reviewed was entitled The Wound Dresser. This is a composition for chamber orchestra and baritone singer. John Adams based this piece off of The Wound Dresser, a poem by Walt Whitman. The poem was written in in 1865 and was based on Whitman’s experiences working as a nurse in the American Civil War. John Adam’s is most often recognized as a minimalist, and well known for his pieces Doctor Atomic, and Short Ride in a Fast Car. You can hear examples of minimalism all throughout the piece.What I found interesting was that when Adams was working on this piece, his father was dying of Alzheimer’s disease. This gave Adams the ability to connect with Whitman’s poem on a much deeper level. Not just by having an awareness of dying, but by caring for people who are dying. Lyrically, this piece start out with a man reminiscing of caring for wounded soldiers in the hospital. It was his job do change the dressings on the wounded soldiers. What I noti ced most was how Adams reflected the mood and tone of the lyrics by using odd combinations of instruments, and unusual harmonic combinations.The bugle style trumpet, with a synthesizer, and some extreme ranges on the first violin produce a sense of misery or weakness that couples with the baritone’s lyrics perfectly. The first violin’s solo was beautiful but yet projected a somehow painful, sorrowful feel. When the strings all began to play, it was slow The piece starts out with just violins, and the first violin playing a solo in an usually high register. The double basses begin playing legato and slowly fading in and out. If pain and sorrow could be written through music, then John Adams did it in this piece.I heard them eventually playing pizzicato, with strings still sweeping in and out. That moment was beautiful. There was a trumpet solo, which somehow sounded distant. Upon reflection I realized that it had the same effect that Adams used in his piece Distant Trum pet written in 1986. The lyrics were shockingly disturbing. Not something that I was expecting to hear. They were many points in the baritone’s melody that it sounded atonal. It was dark, and miserable from every end. Lyrics like â€Å"come, sweet death† implying that death would be complete joy for him.I couldn’t quite pick a structure out of the piece, but at the end, I heard a returning theme in the first violin. All in all, this piece was beautifully miserable. Like always, I thoroughly enjoyed my time at the CPO. I heard the Chorus for the first time, I also heard a synthesizer be used for the first time. I hope to hear different versions of Ave Maria and Ode Joy as well. This experience was impacting and inspiring. It made me desire to strive to a new level in my musicianship that I have never been to before.

Good nutrition: Striking the Right Balance

Of the many things one can do to enhance one’s state of health, none is more important than maintaining proper nutrition. The mind and body cannot function optimally without the proper supply of nutrients and energy obtained from food.A key tenet of the holistic approach to health is that each person must take responsibility for his or her own health. Making intelligent decisions about nutrition—about what and how much to eat—is an important part of this responsibility, because the diet one chooses and follows can keep one healthy. In the words of Philip Lee (1977) professor of social medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine:As a nation we have come to believe that our medicine and medical technology can solve all our major health problems†¦ But the problems can never be solved merely by more and more medical care. The health of individuals and the health of the population is determined by a variety of biological (host), be havioral, sociocultural, environmental factors. None of these is more important than the food we eat (Burkitt et al. 1974).Good nutrition: Striking the Right BalanceWhat is the best argument for following a good nutrition in one’s life instead of eating all the junk food one can consume. Every person’s body has a unique chemical and physical composition that corresponds to a state of optimal wellness, because the human body is constructed of atoms and molecules that are arranged in particular combinations and proportions that are unique to each person. One’s body contains few of the same atoms and molecules it had even a few weeks ago, because its chemical constituents are continually replaced by different atoms and molecules acquired from the food one eats.There are about forty known essential nutrients and perhaps others are not yet identified, that must be continually resupplied to the body (Ricciuto). Failure to obtain enough of one or more of the essential nutrients can result in a nutritional deficiency disease, such as goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), which may be caused by too little iodine, beri-beri, a disease characterized by weakness and wasting away that is caused by too little thiamine (vitamin B1), anemia (too few red blood cells) from insufficient iron; and blindness from vitamin A deficiency, the most common cause of blindness in children, world-wide. Since all nutrients act in concert, a deficiency of one may impair the utilization of others even if the others are acquired in adequate amounts. Thus, a proper nutritional state is a matter of maintaining a complex balance of the essential nutrients.One can argue that one eats a little of everything in the proper amounts just to keep fit. But still it does not work that way. This is because poor health can result in eating too much of certain kinds of food, or from eating too much in general. For example, overeating is the principal cause of obesity, which contributes to the development of such serious diseases as high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes and some forms of cancer.Cancer of the colon may be related to eating too much meat and processed foods and not getting enough fiber or roughage that may be essential to maintain a healthy colon. High salt intake is related to high blood pressure and high sugar intake is related to tooth decay (the most prevalent disease in the industrialized world). Much of the tooth decay could be prevented if people followed very simple nutrition rules (Breslow & Enstrom 1980).Physiological Benefits of Body WorkOur industrial society depends on an enormous variety of machines that free people from an equally enormous number of physical tasks. Some of these tasks, such as heavy construction work of large-scale farming, would be well-nigh impossible without the help of machines. Others, such as traveling to work or school, getting to the seventh floor of a building, or washing clothes, could be accomplished without the a id of machines (and some people argue they ought to be), but few of us are likely to give up the use of cars, elevators, and washers. They simply make the task of daily living easier. As a result, few people do much moving around under their own muscular power. That is, many of us get little exercise.According to William B. Kannel and Paul Sorlie (1979) who have studied the effects of lifestyle on the occurrence of heart disease:â€Å"Over the past quarter of a century, there has evolved a growing suspicion that the transformation of man by modern technology from a physically active agrarian creature to a sedentary industrial one has exacted a toll in ill health. The evidence on which this is based comes from epidemiological studies, clinical observations, and the work physiologist. Most of the attention has been focused on the possible contribution of physical indolence to the development of cardiovascular disease, the chief health hazard of affluent societies and their leading ca use of death.†In addition to the physiological benefits, regular physical activity has psychological and spiritual benefits as well. Fr example, a study of middle-aged university professors found that regular exercise made them more self-sufficient, more persevering, less likely to experience mood swings, and more imaginative (Ismail and Trachtman, 1973). In another study, both men and women university students who engaged in regular physical activity were found to have greater self-control, to have increased self-awareness, and to be more self-directed. They also demonstrated a positive self-image (Jeffers, 1977).One of the principal psychological benefits that can come from regular body work is experiencing periods of relaxed concentration, characterized by reduction in physical and psychic tensions, regular breathing rhythms, and increased self-awareness. This experience is often compared to meditation. Tennis instructor Tim Gallwey (1976) describes four stages for obtainin g a state of relaxed concentration through body work. The first stage, â€Å"paying attention,† occurs at the beginning of a body work session and involves riveting your concentration on your body work and excluding all other thoughts. The stage of paying attention requires a certain degree of self-discipline—the desire and ability to say â€Å"no† to other demands on your time and energies and to say â€Å"yes† to yourself.WORKS CITEDBurkitt, D. P. Walker, R.P. and Painter , N.S.   â€Å"Dietary Fiber and Disease.† Journal of theAmerican   Medical Association, 229 (1974), 1068-1074.Breslow, L. and Enstrom, J.E. â€Å"Persistence of Health Habits and Their Relationship toMortality.† Preventive Medicine, 9 (1980). 469-483.Ismail, A.H. and Trachtman, I.E. â€Å"Jogging the Imagination.† Psychology Today. 6(1973), 78-82Jeffers, J. M. â€Å"The Effects of Physical Conditions on Locus of Control, Body Image andInterpersonal Relationsh ip Orientations. University Males and Females.Dissertation Abstracts, 37 (1977) 3289.Kannel, W.B. and Sorlie, P. â€Å"Some Health Benefits of Physical Activity.† Archives ofInternal Medicine, 139 (1979) 857-861.Ricciuto, Anthony. What Power Nutrition can do for you. Retrieved April 19, 2007 at:http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/anthony26.htm

The Industrial Uses of Gold and Silver Essays

The Industrial Uses of Gold and Silver Essays The Industrial Uses of Gold and Silver Essay The Industrial Uses of Gold and Silver Essay The Industrial Uses of Gold and Silver Metals such as gold and silver have been considered precious throughout history for their rarity and aesthetic appeal. These elements are important in modern industry as technological advances expand the applications and uses of their unique physical properties. The uses of these two metals are found in almost every field of interest. From medical to aerospace technology, the applications of these substances provide another reason for their desirability. The evolution of technology has increased its demand for gold’s physical properties. One of the key differences between gold and silver is its resistance to tarnishing. Even though silver and copper are better conductors, gold’s defiance against environmental effects makes it a perfect for electronics where consistent performance over time is desired. Melting other metals with gold forms a gold-based alloy which is extremely heat resistant but can still act as a conductor. These alloys are then used in electronics that operate under intensely high temperatures, such as toasters (World Gold Council, 2012). One significant area where gold is consumed for its reliability is the military. The military uses gold in the form of connectors where the reliability of its electronics is an important factor because using gold connectors can mean the difference between life and death. This is why every tank, helicopter, fight jet, and other military hardware has gold in some form or another. The medical field has also recognized the gold’s reliable characteristics. Most, if not all of the life support electronics are plated with gold as its conductor. One medical application of gold that is not related to electronics is the treatment of a condition called Lagophthalmos. A person with this condition has the inability to fully close their eyes. By implanting tiny amounts of gold in the upper eyelid, the extra weight allows them to completely close their eyes. Gold is used because it has excellent biocompatibility unlike many other metals which have a toxicity level harmful to humans (Goodman, 2002). Gold is not the only metal with medical applications. Silver has valuable anti-bacterial characteristics and unlike other metals with anti-microbial properties, it is not harmful to humans (Daima, 2011 pg. 1). Before antibiotics were invented, silver was been used as a weapon against diseases during World War I. One of the best features about silver is the fact that bacteria cannot adapt to it like they do with antibiotics. Today, silver is added to medical instruments such as bandages and scalpels. Some hospitals have even gone to the extent of coating door knobs, flooring, and files with silver to create a more sanitary environment. Silver was also recently proven to promote the growth of new cells, making wounds heal faster (The Silver Institute, 2012). Even though it is not as corrosion-resistant as gold, it is highly valued in the electronics industry as super conductor. This means silver-based batteries are also super capacitors, lasting much longer than other batteries. Another unique property that silver has is its ability to reflect heat and radiation. Many of today’s office buildings have silver coated windows. This application of silver reflects up to 95% of the Sun’s rays, reducing the cost of cooling during hot summer days (The Silver Institute, 2012).

About Jørn Utzon, Architect of the Sydney Opera House

About Jà ¸rn Utzon, Architect of the Sydney Opera House Any biography of Jà ¸rn Utzon (born  April 9, 1918) will certainly say that his best-known building is his revolutionary Sydney Opera House in Australia. Yet, as a private Dane born in Copenhagen, Utzon created many other masterpieces in his lifetime. He is noted for his courtyard-style housing in Denmark, but he also designed exceptional buildings in Kuwait and Iran. His architecture combines the organic elements of Frank Lloyd Wright with Middle Eastern and Islamic elements.   Jà ¸rn Utzon was perhaps destined to design buildings that evoke the sea. His father,  Aage Utzon (1885-1970), was director of a shipyard in Alborg, Denmark, and was himself a brilliant naval architect, well-known in the area for designing custom-made yachts. Yachting and racing was an activity within the Utzon family, and the young Jà ¸rn became a good sailor himself. The Utzons grew up with sails. Until about the age of 18, Utzon considered a career as a naval officer. While still in secondary school, he began helping his father at the shipyard, studying new designs, drawing up plans and making model yachts. This activity opened another possibility - that of training to be a naval architect like his father. During summer holidays with his grandparents, Jà ¸rn Utzon met two artists, Paul Schrà ¸der and Carl Kyberg, who introduced him to art. One of his father’s cousins, Einar Utzon-Frank, who happened to be a sculptor and a professor at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, provided additional inspiration. The future architect took an interest in sculpting, and at one point, indicated a desire to be an artist. Even though his final marks in secondary school were quite poor, particularly in mathematics, Utzon excelled in freehand drawing - a talent strong enough to win his admission to the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen. He was soon recognized as having extraordinary gifts in architectural design. While in school, he became interested in the works of architect Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959), who would remain influential all of Utzons life. He earned a Diploma in Architecture from the Academy in 1942, and then fled to neutral Sweden during War War II. He worked in the Stockholm office of Hakon Ahlberg for the duration of the War, where he studied the work of Swedish architect Gunnar Asplund (1885-1940), known for what is called Nordic Classicism. Following the War, Utzon had the great opportunity to work with the modernist architect Alvar Aalto at his studio in Finland. By 1949 Utzon had received a grant to travel in Morocco, Mexico, the United States, China, Japan, India, and Australia - a whirlwind world excursion that would eventually inform his architectural designs for years to come.. All of the trips had significance, and Utzon himself described ideas he learned from Mexico. As an architectonic element, the platform is fascinating, Utzon has said. I lost my heart to it on a trip to Mexico in 1949. On the Yucatan he saw land covered by low height, dense jungle. But by building up the platform on a level with the roof of the jungle, says Utzon, these people had suddenly conquered a new dimension that was a worthy place for the worship of their gods. They built their temples on these high platforms, which can be as much as a hundred metres long. From here, they had the sky, the clouds and the breeze.... Utzon remembered this experience as he submitted his design for the Sydney Opera House competition. The next year, in 1950, Utzon returned to Copenhagen, and opened his own practice. Utzons Architecture When looking at the architecture of Jà ¸rn Utzon, the observer notices repeating architectural details - the skylights, the white curves, the appreciation for natural elements, the stationary platform on which Utzon designs may soar. His last project, the Utzon Center in Aalborg, Denmark, opened the year Utzon died, but exhibits the elements he saw throughout his life - the Islamic-like towers, the interior courtyards, the curves and the skylights. The interior of the Bagsvaerd Church, built in 1976, was envisioned with a ceiling of clouds, a sweeping white pillow motif also seen in the 1982 Kuwait National Assembly in Kuwait City and the spiral stairway of the Melli Bank, University of Tehran Branch in 1960 Iran. Yet it is the Sydney Opera House in Australia that has captured the moniker of iconic architecture. The iconic design of the Sydney Opera House complex comes from the shell-shape of the multiple roofs - they are all geometrically part of one sphere. A bonze plaque located onsite visually demonstrates the architectural idea and design solution, who wanted the plaque to explain the spherical concept of the architecture. The key to the shell design is that each shell or sail is an element of a solid sphere. The plaque Inscription tells the story: after three years of intensive search for a basic geometry for the shell complex I arrived in october 1961 at the spherical solution shown here.I call this my key to the shells because it solves all the problems of construction by opening up for mass production, precision in manufacture and simple erection and with this geometrical system I attain full harmony between all the shapes in this fantastic complex.jà ³rn utzon Danish architect Jà ¸rn Utzon was only 38 when he won the competition to build the Sydney Opera House.   The project became the highlight of his career but brought enormous challenges in engineering and building technology. Utzons winning design, submitted in 1957, moved through a complicated process with many adaptations and innovations before the Sydney Opera House officially opened on October 20, 1973. Utzons Legacy Ada Louise Huxtable, an architecture critic and a member of the 2003 Pritzker Prize jury, commented, In a forty year practice, each commission displays a continuing development of ideas both subtle and bold, true to the teaching of early pioneers of a new architecture, but that cohere in a prescient way, most visible now, to push the boundaries of architecture toward the present. This has produced a range of work from the sculptural abstraction of the Sydney Opera House that foreshadowed the avant garde expression of our time, and is widely considered to be the most notable monument of the 20th century, to handsome, humane housing and a church that remains a masterwork today. Carlos Jimenez, an architect on the Pritzker Jury, noted that ...each work startles with with its irrepressible creativity. How else to explain the lineage binding those indelible ceramic sails on the Tasmanian Sea, the fertile optimism of the housing at Fredensborg, or those sublime undulations of the ceilings at Bagsvà ¦rd, to name just three of Utzon’s timeless works. At the end of his life, the Pritzker Prize-winning architect faced new challenges. A degenerative eye condition left Utzon nearly blind. Also, according to news reports, Utzon clashed with his son and grandson over a remodeling project at the Sydney Opera House. The acoustics at the Opera House was criticized, and many people complained that the celebrated theater did not have enough performance or backstage space. Jà ¸rn Utzon died of a heart attack on November 29, 2008 in Copenhagen, Denmark at age 90. He was survived by his wife and their three children, Kim, Jan and Lin, and several grandchildren who work in architecture and related fields. There is no doubt that artistic clashes will be forgotten as the world honors  Jà ¸rn Utzons powerful artistic legacy. The architectural firm he founded, Utzon Associates Architects, is in Hellebaek, Denmark. Sources Biography, The Hyatt Foundation, PDF at https://www.pritzkerprize.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/2003_bio_0.pdfAbout the Utzon Family, https://utzon.dk/utzon-associates-architects/the-utzon-familyJury Citation, The Hyatt Foundation, https://www.pritzkerprize.com/jury-citation-jorn-utzonGouse History, Sydney Opera House, https://www.sydneyoperahouse.com/our-story/sydney-opera-house-history.htm Fast Facts Born April 9, 1918 in Copenhagen, DenmarkInfluenced by Mayan, Islamic, and Chinese architecture; Frank Lloyd Wright and Alvar Aalto; growing up next to a shipyardBest-known as the architect of the Sydney Opera House (1957-1973) in Sydney, AustraliaDied November 29, 2008 in Copenhagen, Denmark

A briefing paper for a child health promotion project Essay

A briefing paper for a child health promotion project - Essay Example Mothers are also protected from osteoporosis, ovarian cancer and breast cancer. It has also helped them maintain weight. (WHO, 2001) The aim of this paper is to present a proposal of establishing a Breastfeeding Center in UK which opens daily in daytime and which holds antenatal breastfeeding education classes. This projects aims on (1.) Encouraging breastfeeding and (2) Examining the effectiveness of current measures to promote breastfeeding. This proposal is being presented to stakeholders who will approve this proposal, such as the UK National Health Services Maternal and Child Health programme. The proponent is ______________ (your qualification) This proposal seeks to establish a breastfeeding center in UK which is accessible to most women in the area—accessible to their workplace or their homes. This center should be staffed by a Lactation consultant who would offer her services in communicating with mothers and families. The center should have a relaxed atmosphere so that mothers can truly benefit from the breastfeeding learning experience. The center should also provide care for pregnant women, which includes relaxation massage for women, pregnancy massage, baby massage classes, lactation consultancy for breastfeeding support and gifts for mothers and babies. This service should be provided free of charge for women and should be open from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM. The center should also offer free lactation stay services for women who want to breastfeed their babies for longer periods. The center should also hold antenatal breastfeeding education classes which are essential for successful breastfeeding to occur. There should be education related to breastfeeding and the participants should have access to educational materials and hands-on experience with dolls. The participants should be comfortable and have a